Who does this affect: U.S. Public Companies and Foreign Private Issuers. Note that some of the disclosure requirements would only apply to larger companies, as described below.
Why has it been introduced: This rule was adopted to better meet the informational demands of investors who have expressed the need for more consistent, comparable, reliable climate-related disclosures from the companies in which they invest.
What does the proposal require:
When would the rule come into effect: The following table shows the phase-in period for the required disclosures, which are based on the disclosure items and company filer status. The first disclosures will be due in 2026 for FY 2025 reporting.
Where is reporting required: Forms 10-K or Form 20-F, and registration statements. If additional time is needed to gather emissions data, the GHG emissions disclosures will be required either in a company’s second quarter (Q2) Form 10-Q or an amendment to the company’s Form 10-K filed in Q2 (or in a Form 6-K furnished at a comparable time for foreign private issuers).
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Who does this affect: United States partnerships, corporations, limited liability companies, and other business entities with total revenues greater than one billion dollars that do business in California.
Why has it been introduced: The Climate Corporate Data Accountability Act seeks to "inform investors, empower consumers, and activate companies to improve risk management in order to move towards a net-zero carbon economy and is a critical next step that California must take to protect the state and its residents."
What does it require:
When is reporting required: Scope 1 and 2 reporting and limited assurance are to be required in 2026 for financial year 2025 data. In 2027, scopes 1, 2, and 3 would be required for the prior year’s financial data - providing a one year phase-in for scope 3. By 2030, companies will need to obtain reasonable assurance over their scope 1 and 2 emissions disclosures and limited assurance over their scope 3 emissions disclosures.
Where is reporting required: Companies will be required to report to a state emissions registry, which will be accessible to the public. The California Air Resources Board has not yet defined the exact requirements for reporting placement, but they will do so as they develop implementing regulations.
Original text: SB 253
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Who does this affect: United States partnerships, corporations, limited liability companies, and other business entities with total revenues greater than $500,000,000 that do business in California.
What is its purpose: California adopted this law to address the impacts of climate change on the state, and prepare economic actors to adequately plan for and adapt to climate-related risks to their business and to the economy.
What does it require: A biennial public report that contains the following:
Alternative reporting pursuant to other laws, regulations, listing requirements, or the International Sustainability Reporting Standards: A covered entity may satisfy its obligations if it prepares a publicly available biennial report containing climate-related financial risk information either voluntarily or pursuant to law, regulation, or listing requirement consistent with the requirements of SB 261. A report prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Sustainability Standards Board would satisfy these requirements.
When is this law expected to come into effect: Reporting will be required on or before January 1, 2026.
Where is reporting required: Companies will make reports available to the public on its own website. The California Air Resources Board will prepare implementing regulation with further instructions on where to report.
Original text: SB 261.
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Who does this affect: This proposal affects federal contractors with annual contracts exceeding $7.5 million. Significant (>$7.5M-$50M of annual federal obligations) and Major (>$50M of annual federal obligations) contractors have varying levels of disclosure, as we outline below. The proposal also provides exemptions for certain categories of federal contractors.
Why has it been introduced: To address the climate-related financial risks associated with the Federal government’s supply chain. This is aligned with President Biden’s Executive Orders on Climate-Related Financial Risk (E.O. 14030) and Catalyzing Clean Energy Industries and Jobs Through Federal Sustainability. As well, this feeds into the U.S. net-zero by 2050 target.
What does it require: Significant contractors are required to disclose scope 1 and 2 emissions. Major Contractors are required to disclose scope 1, 2 and 3 emissions through CDP, a climate risk assessment in alignment with the recommendations of the TCFD, and set a science-based emissions reduction target to be validated by the Science Based Targets initiative.
When could rules come into effect: This proposal was released in November 2022. While it is unclear when this rule will be considered for adoption, once the final rule is published, requirements will be phased in.
Where is reporting required: The proposed rule requires disclosures to be made through the CDP Climate Change Questionnaire.
Original text: ‘Federal Acquisition Regulation: Disclosure of Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Climate-Related Financial Risk’
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What does this affect: Registered investment companies or business development companies, especially those with “ESG,” “green,” “climate” and similar terms in their names.
Why has it been introduced: According to the proposed amendment, this has been introduced to “prevent potential greenwashing in fund names by requiring a fund’s investment activity to support the investment focus its name communicates so that investors will not be deceived or misled by the fund’s name.”
What does it require: It requires funds funds with terms such as “ESG,” “green, and “climate” would be required to adopt a policy to invest at least 80% of their assets into the type of investment indicated in its name and maintain written records documenting their compliance with the 80% investment policy.
In the last set of revisions, the amendment expanded to cover funds that indicate a specific emphasis in their names (for instance, terms like "growth" or "value") in addition to funds that incorporate references to a thematic investment approach (such as mentioning the inclusion of environmental, social, or governance ("ESG") factors like "sustainable," "green," or "socially responsible").
When would these rules come into effect: These proposals were announced in May 2022 and have been officially adopted as of September 2023.
Where is reporting required: Firms would need to enhance prospectus disclosures and establish record keeping requirements. Additionally, the SEC has proposed additional
requirements for funds to report information on Form N-PORT regarding compliance with the
proposed names-related regulatory requirements.
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Who does this affect: Registered investment advisors, investment companies, and certain other investment advisors.
Why has it been introduced: To bring "consistent, comparable, and reliable information for investors concerning funds' and advisers' incorporation of environmental, social, and governance 'ESG' factors." The proposal recognizes the significant inflows to ESG-focused funds and other investment products over the last several years and the possibility of investors being misled without proper disclosure.
What does it require:
When would these rules come into effect: These proposals were announced in May 2022 and, according to the SEC’s Regulatory Flexibility Agenda, are slated for final action by the SEC in the final quarter of 2023, however, this could be subject to change.
Where is reporting required: General disclosure requirements for funds, including GHG emissions, would be required in fund prospectuses and annual reports.The requirements for investment advisors will be included in Form ADV brochures.
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